A systematic review compared the safety and efficacy of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) in treating peptic ulcer disease across gastric, duodenal, and pre-pyloric sites. Eight studies were analyzed, including five randomized controlled trials, two reviews, and one meta-analysis.
Findings showed that omeprazole and other PPIs were more effective than H2RAs in healing ulcers, relieving epigastric pain, and managing treatment-resistant cases. Patients who did not respond to H2RAs benefited from switching to PPIs. The review proved that PPIs, particularly omeprazole, remain the preferred treatment for peptic ulcer disease, offering superior efficacy and symptom relief compared to H2RAs, despite considerations of long-term safety.
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